Hydraulic Press

By Author: Amit Singh
Total Articles: 6
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HYDRAULIC PRESSES

The hydraulic press is one of the senescent of the basic machine tools. In its modernistic, is Well adapted to press work ranging from coining jewelry to forging aircraft parts. Modern hydraulic presses are, in some cases, better suited to applications where the mechanical press has been conventionally more popular.



Advantages of Hydraulic Presses

The mechanical press has been the best choice of many press users for years. The Training of tool and die makers and manufacturing engineers in North America has been Oriented toward applying mechanical presses to sheet-metal press working. Modern hydraulic presses offer good performance and reliability. Widespread application of other types of hydraulic power equipment in manufacturing requires maintenance technicians who know how to service hydraulic components. New fast acting valves, electrical components, and more efficient hydraulic circuits have improved the performance capability of hydraulic presses.

Factors ...
... that may favor the use of hydraulic presses over their mechanical counterparts may include the following:

1. Depending on the application, a hydraulic press may cost less than an equivalent Mechanical press.

2. In small lot production where hand feeding and single stroking occurs, production rates equal to mechanical presses are achieved.

3. Single stroking does not result in additional press wear.

4. Die shut heights variations do not change the force applied.

5. There is no tonnage curve anticipate factor.

6. Forming and drawing speeds can be discriminative controlled throughout the stroke.

7. Hydraulic presses with double actions and or hydraulic die cushions are accomplished of forming and drawing operations that would not be feasible in a mechanical press.



Example of a Gap-Frame Hydraulic Press

Like the c frame hydraulic press, hydraulic presses deliver a controlled force to accomplish work. The style of the press frame and the hydraulic components vary depending on the intended use.

The press has a frame and bolster that are similar to the construction used for open back stationary (OBS) mechanical presses. The frame is of robust construction to limit both angular and total deflection. The bolster and ram provide a surface to mount tooling. The ram is actuated by a large hydraulic cylinder in the center of the upper part of the frame. Additional alignment is provided by two round guide rods. The motor drives a rotary pump, which draws oil out of the reservoir housed in the machine frame. The control system has electrically-actuated valves which respond to commands to advance and retract the slide or ram. A pressure regulator is either manually or automatically adjusted to apply the desired amount of force.

Unique Features of Hydraulic Presses

In most hydraulic presses, full force is available throughout the stroke. Illustrates why the rated force capacity of a mechanical press is available only near the bottom of the stroke. The full force of a hydraulic press can be delivered at any point in the stroke. This feature is a very important characteristic of most hydraulic presses. Deep drawing and forming applications often require large forces very high in the press stroke. Some mechanical presses do not develop enough force high enough in the downward stroke to permit severe drawing and forming applications such as inverted draw dies to be used without danger of press damage.

The rated capacity of a mechanical press is available only at the bottom of the stroke. The full force of a simple hydraulic press can be delivered at any point in the stroke. Another advantage is that the stroke may be adjusted by the user to match the requirements of the job. Only enough stroke length to provide part clearance is required. Limiting the actual stroke will permit faster cycling rates and also reduce energy consumption.

The desired per-set hydraulic pressure provides a fixed working force. When changing dies, different shut heights do not require fine shut height adjustment. Different tool heights or varying thicknesses of material have no effect on the proper application of force. The availability of full machine force at any point in the stroke is very useful in deep drawing applications. High force and energy requirements usually are needed throughout the stroke. The ram speed can also be adjusted to a constant value that is best for the material requirements.

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