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Crtain Types Of Fungi
The term agaric applies to certain types of fungi that produce sporocarps or fruiting bodies, commonly known as mushrooms - which have a hat , with blades at the bottom, clearly differentiated from the foot . The term "Agaric" comes from the Latin agaricum which in turn derives from the Greek ??a?????. 1
Many species of agarics are classified in the order Agaricales . However, it is thought that different groups of fungi that have this type of fruiting body have evolved independently, hence it is given in orders as Russulales , Boletales , Hymenochaetales and other groups of basidiomycetes. The classification systems placed all agarics in the order Agaricales, in fact, some sources (mostly old) still use "agarics" as the common name for this order. Contemporary classifications tend to use the term euagáricos , which used to refer only to members of the order Agaricales. "Agaric" is also sometimes used as a common name for members of the genus Agaricus , and for some species of other genera such as Amanita .
The main type of sting is a sharp organ of offense or defense, especially when connected to a gland of poison ...
... and adapted to inflict wounds clicking, such as the caudal sting of a scorpion . Among mammals, the only one who has a poisonous sting is the platypus male.
The sting is usually located in the back of the animal, near the tail (if any). Among animals include stinging bees , wasps and scorpions , although the latter is not homologous to that of the others, but rather an example of convergent evolution .
Among the bees (and only between) the stinger, an ovipositor modified as in other Hymenoptera biting or aculeate ( Aculeata ), is shaped like a hook, staying in the flesh of the victim after separated from the body of the bee, causing she died within minutes. The sting has its own node (essentially a miniature brain) that allows you to delve into the victim's flesh and release venom for several minutes. The question of how such a trait may have evolved when it is an obvious disadvantage for the individual, is resolved when one realizes that mammalian predators can easily destroy an entire colony if not repelled them. If the colony is destroyed the workers, who are infertile, die without issue, so only through the defense of the colony can get their genes are passed.
The tips of the spines ensure that an attack of a honeybee is only suicide if the victim is a mammal, and can sting other bees (in battle intercolonial) repeatedly. Thus, under natural conditions, the suicidal nature of the sting of the honey bee only comes into play if an attacker who threatens to destroy the entire colony. The sting of all other bees and wasps do not have this tip, which can be used to sting mammals repeatedly (or, more precisely, biting mammals and stay alive to sting another day).
The caudal sting or the lash line is a dorsal fin modified.
For creatures like jellyfish , the sting may refer to the tentacles that carry cnidocitos to capture and paralyze their prey.
By extension, the term is sometimes applied to canine (tooth amended) of the snakes . An extremely common snake species in South Africa, Psammophylax rhombeatus even called skaapsteker or 'sting of sheep.'
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