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Azure DevOps-20 Scenario-Based Question and Answers
Containers and Orchestration
1. Question: What are containers in the context of DevOps?
Answer: Containers are lightweight, portable, and self-sufficient environments that include the application and its dependencies, allowing it to run consistently across different computing environments.
Question: What is Docker, and how does it relate to DevOps?
Answer: Docker is a platform that uses containerization technology to package applications and their dependencies into containers. It helps achieve consistency across multiple development, testing, and production environments. Azure DevSecOps Online Training
2. Question: Explain the role of Kubernetes in DevOps.
Answer: Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It helps manage complex containerized environments efficiently.
3. Question: What is a Dockerfile?
Answer: A Dockerfile is a text file that contains a set of instructions for building a Docker image. It specifies ...
... the base image, application code, dependencies, and any configuration needed to create the image.
4. Question: How does Kubernetes handle container scaling?
Answer: Kubernetes uses a component called the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) to automatically scale the number of pod replicas based on CPU
utilization or other select metrics. This helps maintain application performance under varying loads. Azure DevOps Training
Monitoring and Logging
5. Question: Why is monitoring important in DevOps?
Answer: Monitoring is crucial in DevOps to ensure the health, performance, and availability of applications and infrastructure. It helps detect issues early, reduce downtime, and improve user experience.
6. Question: Name some popular monitoring tools used in DevOps.
Answer: Popular monitoring tools include Prometheus, Grafana, Nagios, and Datadog.
7. Question: What is the ELK stack, and how is it used in DevOps?
Answer: The ELK stack consists of Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana. It is used for searching, analyzing, and visualizing log data in real-time, helping DevOps teams monitor and troubleshoot issues. Azure DevOps Course Online
8. Question: What is Prometheus, and what are its main features?
Answer: Prometheus is an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit designed for reliability and scalability. Its main features include a multi- dimensional data model, flexible query language (PromQL), and integration with Grafana for visualization. Azure DevOps Training in Hyderabad
9. Question: How does alerting work in a monitoring system?
Answer: Alerting in a monitoring system involves setting up rules that define when an alert should be triggered based on specific conditions (e.g., high CPU usage, low disk space). When these conditions are met, the system sends notifications to predefined channels (e.g., email, Slack) to inform the relevant team members.
Cloud and Infrastructure
10. Question: What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?
Answer: Infrastructure as Code (IaC) is the practice of managing and provisioning computing infrastructure using machine-readable configuration

files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools.
11. Question: Explain the difference between public, private, and hybrid clouds.
Answer:
o Public Cloud: Cloud services offered over the public internet and shared across multiple organizations (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud).
o Private Cloud: Cloud services operated exclusively for a single organization, offering more control and security.
o Hybrid Cloud: A combination of public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them.
12. Question: What is Amazon Web Services (AWS)?
Answer: Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive and widely adopted cloud platform that offers over 200 fully featured services from data centers globally. It includes services for computing, storage, databases, machine learning, and more. Microsoft Azure DevOps Online Training
13. Question: What is Microsoft Azure?
Answer: Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing platform and service created by Microsoft for building, testing, deploying, and
managing applications and services through Microsoft-managed data centers.
14. Question: Explain the concept of serverless computing.
Answer: Serverless computing is a cloud-computing execution model where the cloud provider dynamically manages the allocation of machine resources. Users write code that is executed in response to events, without provisioning or managing servers.
Security
15. Question: What is DevSecOps?
Answer: DevSecOps is the practice of integrating security practices within the DevOps process, ensuring security is considered at every stage of the development lifecycle.
16. Question: Explain the concept of "Shift Left" in DevSecOps.

Answer: "Shift Left" refers to the practice of integrating security and testing activities early in the software development lifecycle, rather than addressing them at the end. Azure DevOps Training In Ameerpet
17. Question: What is a security pipeline?
Answer: A security pipeline is a CI/CD pipeline that includes security checks and tests at various stages, ensuring that code is secure before it is deployed to production.
18. Question: Name some tools used for security in DevOps.
Answer: Tools used for security in DevOps include SonarQube, OWASP ZAP, Trivy, Snyk, and Clair.
19. Question: What is container security, and why is it important?
Answer: Container security involves implementing measures to protect containers from threats throughout their lifecycle, from development to deployment. It is important because containers can introduce new security risks, such as vulnerabilities in container images or misconfigurations.
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