High Yield Fertilization Technology For Greenhouse Tomatoes

By Author: doris zhang
Total Articles: 79
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Tomatoes have a long growth period, can bloom and bear fruit continuously, are resistant to fertilizers, and have high yields. The roots are mainly distributed in the 20 to 30 cm cultivation layer. During the entire growth period, they will absorb a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients from the soil. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium absorbed by tomatoes is 1:0.3:1.5:0.49:0.12. Every 1000 kilograms of tomatoes produced will absorb 3.86 kilograms of nitrogen, 1.15 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, 4.44 kilograms of potassium oxide, and 1.8~ calcium 2.1 kg, magnesium 0.4~0.7 kg. To achieve a yield of more than 5,500 kilograms per mu in greenhouse tomato production, correct, timely and appropriate fertilization is extremely important.

1. Fertilize during the seedling stage. When raising seedlings, fertilizers should be applied rationally and scientifically, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be well controlled. This is important for cultivating high-quality and strong seedlings, early, and increasing the flowering rate and fruiting ...
... rate. The reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for seedling cultivation is 1:2:2. Nowadays, most tomato seedlings are prepared with nutrient soil,plants racks which mainly includes decomposed pig, cow, sheep, horse manure, etc. and a small amount of chemical fertilizers. Chicken manure is rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, including 1.63% nitrogen, 1.54% phosphorus, and 0.85% potassium. Chicken manure must be decomposed before use, otherwise it will easily generate heat, mold, rot and insects, causing the seedlings to wither. When raising seedlings, the available nutrients in the soil only need to reach 170-200 mg/kg of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, 350-500 mg/kg of phosphorus, and 450-600 mg/kg of potassium, which can roughly meet the needs for cultivating high-quality and strong seedlings. Excessive soil nutrient concentration or the application of immature manure can easily cause fertilizer damage and burn seedlings. Nutrient soil for seedlings should be prepared 10 to 15 days in advance. For every 10 square meters of seedbed, 130 to 160 kilograms of fully decomposed pig and cow dung, 1 kilogram of superphosphate, and 0.3 to 0.4 kilograms of potassium chloride should be mixed. Top dressing during the seedling stage can be combined with watering, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.3% urea solution is sprayed on the leaves every 10 to 13 days. For leggy seedlings, only potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaves. After 1 to 2 true leaves of tomato seedlings are expanded, if carbon dioxide gas fertilizer can be applied continuously for 17 to 20 days at a concentration of 700 to 1000 mg/kg, the yield can be increased by 10% to 15%.

2. Reapply base fertilizer before planting. It is better to use decomposed pig, cattle, sheep and other livestock manure as basal fertilizer, and then apply appropriate amounts of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. To achieve a tomato yield of 5,500 to 7,000 kilograms per mu, 6,000 to 7,000 kilograms of manure, 40 to 50 kilograms of superphosphate, and 10 to 15 kilograms of potassium chloride should be applied per mu. First spread the base fertilizer on the surface of the ground, then plow it deeply, rake it into pieces, prepare the soil and water it enough for later use.

3. Apply fertilizer skillfully to promote seedlings. The seedling-stimulating fertilizer should be light and thin. The seedlings should be planted for 12 to 15 days. Combined with watering, 8 to 10 kilograms of urea should be applied to the water or shallow trenches (holes) per acre. 400 to 500 kilograms of human excrement can also be applied to the water.

4. Apply fruit fertilizer again. At the initial stage of tomato ear fruit enlargement, it is necessary to apply fruit-stimulating fertilizer once again. Apply 12 to 15 kilograms of urea and 8 to 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate per acre in conjunction with irrigation ditches (holes),plant growing trays or apply 600 to 700 kilograms of decomposed human excrement. kilogram. In order to increase tomato yield, during this period, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer should be applied every morning after sunrise for 1.5 to 2 hours at a concentration of 1300 to 1500 mg/kg for 16 to 20 days; stop applying carbon dioxide gas fertilizer 25 to 30 minutes before each ventilation. . When the tomatoes are nearly mature, they enter the fruiting stage. During this period, the amount of top dressing should be increased appropriately. 13 to 15 kilograms of urea and 9 to 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate can be applied in shallow ditches (holes) per acre, or water-rotted human feces can be applied. Urine 700~800 kg.

5. Don’t underestimate the mid- to late-season top dressing. For example, late-maturing tomato varieties cultivated in greenhouses have a longer growth and fruiting period, more fruits, and higher yields. Special attention should be paid to top dressing in the middle and late stages to prevent early yield loss. In the middle and later stages, top dressing is generally applied 2 to 3 times, each time applying 8 to 10 kilograms of urea, 9 to 10 kilograms of potassium sulfate, or 600 to 700 kilograms of water-rotted human excrement per mu of shallow trenches (holes). In the later period, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.3% urea solution should be sprayed on the leaves 2 to 3 times in the afternoon on a sunny day; if the soil is deficient in boron or molybdenum fertilizer, 1 to 2 times of foliar spraying with a concentration of 10 mg/kg boron should be used Or molybdenum trace element fertilizer, which can increase the content of vitamins and soluble solids in the fruit, and improve the quality and selling price of the fruit.