Key Techniques For Improving Apple Fruit Setting Rate

By Author: doris zhang
Total Articles: 79
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There are many ways to improve apple fruit setting rate in production, such as configuring pollination trees, artificial pollination, strengthening fertilizer and water management, spraying plant growth regulators, releasing bees during flowering, etc. Based on our experience in managing apple for many years, this paper introduces several key technologies to improve apple fruit setting rate.

1. Release bees during flowering

Bee releasing during flowering is one of the common ways to improve the fruit setting rate in modern apple orchards. It can be divided into bee pollination and wall bee pollination,flood and drain table and the effect of wall bee pollination is obviously better than that of bee pollination.

① Bee pollination during flowering. When bees pollinate during flowering, they need to put the hive into the apple orchard 2 ~ 3 days before flowering, so that bees can be familiar with the orchard environment. Because the activity range of bees is about 50 meters near the beehive, putting a beehive every ...
... 5 ~ 10 mu of apple orchard can play a good role in auxiliary pollination.

② Pollination by wall bees at flowering stage. Wall bee pollination varieties commonly use hornforehead wall bee and concave lip wall bee. Wall bee pollination is not only simple, but also effective. It is an effective way to improve apple fruit setting rate. The wall bee is easy to raise and can be released by single cocoon or collective. The activity of wall bees is about 80 times that of bees. They can visit nearly 15 flowers per minute, and place 50 ~ 80 wall bees per mu of apple orchard.

It should be noted that in the use of wall bee pollination, it is often necessary to control the out of room time of wall bee according to the pollination needs, so that the pollination time of wall bee is consistent with the flowering period of apple tree. When it is necessary to postpone the time of wall bee out of the nest, the wall bee nest block can be placed in 0 ~ 5 ℃ for refrigeration, so as to prolong the hibernation period of wall bee and postpone the time of out of the house. When it is necessary to leave the room in advance, the nest can be placed in the greenhouse at 12 ~ 14 ℃ for 1 ~ 3 days to awaken the wall bee through a warm environment.

2. Artificial pollination

① Collect pollen. After the dew dries in the morning, take the bell flower in bud or the flower just opened, take it back to the room, rub the two flowers together, and take out the anther. The anthers are placed in a ventilated and cool place, and the indoor temperature is maintained at 20 ~ 25 ℃. After 1 ~ 2 days of trichosanthin, the anthers will crack and disperse yellow pollen grains. Keep the pollen grains in a dry container for standby.

② Artificial pollination at flowering. The stigma of Apple had the strongest ability to receive pollen the next day after flowering. Choose sunny weather from 9:00 to 16:00 for point teaching. The point teaching tool is usually a brush or triangular eraser. You can point 3 ~ 5 flowers by dipping in powder at a time. The central flower of Apple opens first and can be pollinated for the first time. After the side flower opens, it can be pollinated for the second and third time.

③ Liquid pollination at anthesis. Mix the dried pollen in 5% sugar solution, add 0.3% urea and 0.2% boric acid. Add 10~20 grams of dry pollen to each kilogram of sugar solution for sprayer spray.

④ Mechanical spraying during flowering. Mix the pollen and talc powder according to 1 ∶ 20 and put them into the agricultural duster to spray flowers on many parts.

⑤ Flowering gauze shakes. Put the pollen with filler in a two-layer gauze bag, tie the bag mouth tightly,rolling bench tie it to a long bamboo rod, tap the gauze bag to scatter the pollen, so as to achieve the purpose of pollination.

3. Spray plant growth regulator at flowering stage

Spraying plant growth regulators such as gibberellin and naphthylacetic acid can also be assisted by spraying 0.3% borax solution at full flowering stage.

4. Antifreeze during flowering

Before frost, irrigate and spray water on the ground to adjust the temperature near the ground, slow down the decline of tree temperature and reduce the harm of frost. Crop stalks, weeds and broken leaves can also be used as fuel to smoke in the orchard in the limelight, dispel the cold air in the orchard and improve the temperature of the orchard.