High Quality Cultivation Techniques Of Ornamental Pineapple

By Author: doris zhang
Total Articles: 78
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Ornamental pineapple (hereinafter referred to as pineapple) is commonly known as Phoenix pear flower or pineapple flower. Its graceful plants, bright and bright flower color and long viewing time are very popular in the mobile vertical farm in recent years. In recent years, the author has paid attention to observing and collecting relevant data in the practice of cultivating pineapple, and obtained some experience. It is introduced as follows for the reference of cultivators.

Requirements of pineapple on environmental conditions

1. Light: pineapples like a cool environment. They can't be exposed to direct sunlight, but they also need appropriate sunlight. Most varieties cultivated now need light intensity of 18000-20000 lux, but it is different in different cultivation stages and seasons.

2. Temperature: it can grow at 5-37 ℃. The most suitable temperature is 10-18 ℃ at night and 21-32 ℃ at day, and the temperature difference between day and night should be more than 6 ℃.

3. Moisture: the ideal ...
... irrigation water is rainwater, followed by surface water such as rivers and lakes. The pH value of water is required to be 5.5-6.5. Water management requires no ponding at the basin bottom, moss on the substrate surface and water in the Leaf Cup.

4. Air humidity: the most suitable air relative humidity for pineapple growth is 50-75%. In general, ventilation should be strengthened during the period of high temperature and high humidity (relative humidity ≥ 80%); Spray more water when drying at high temperature (relative humidity ≤ 40%); Do not spray water at low temperature in winter, but turn on the fan to increase air convection when people feel stuffy.

Preparation before planting

1. Substrate: the root system of pineapple mainly plays a supporting role, and the requirements for humus of cultivation substrate are not very strict, but it must be light, loose and have good water retention. Generally, the cooperative matrix of peat soil, perlite and coconut bran mud is selected, and the peat soil, perlite and coconut bran are stirred evenly according to 10:1:1 (volume ratio). During the mixing process, the mixed matrix is evenly sprayed with 1% formaldehyde (formalin) solution. After stirring, cover and seal the mixed matrix with plastic film to achieve the purpose of fumigation and killing diseases, pests and weed seeds with formaldehyde. After 15 days, remove the film and spread out the matrix to volatilize the residual formaldehyde. It can be used after 7 days.

2. Disinfection of greenhouse and utensils: half a month before planting pineapple, fumigate and disinfect the greenhouse or plastic greenhouse with 1% formaldehyde solution; Disinfect the ground with lime water or potassium permanganate solution; Soak and disinfect flowerpots, hand shovels and other utensils with potassium permanganate solution.

3. Seedlings: Pineapple Seedlings generally come from ramet seedlings and tissue culture seedlings. They must be disinfected before planting. They can be soaked in 1 ‰ carbendazim solution for half a minute.

Fertilization management.

Because pineapple mainly depends on Leaf Cup to absorb nutrients, liquid fertilizer should be used. Pineapple is very sensitive to some elements, such as copper and chlorine, which can lead to plant blackening and even death; Zinc can dry the leaf tip; Boron causes the leaves to curl or fall off; Too much phosphorus will also cause pineapple poisoning symptoms, such as dry leaf tips. The leathery leaves of pineapple need more magnesium. Sufficient magnesium can make the leaves of some pineapple varieties (such as torch) emit unique metallic luster. Therefore, magnesium should be added to the nutrient solution, generally according to 1 / 10 of potassium (potassium oxide). In the actual operation, the author selects the potassium treasure (12-2-44) produced in Israel and ordinary domestic magnesium sulfate for formula fertilization. It is sprayed twice a week (the number of times is appropriately reduced in winter), subject to the fertilizer solution in the heart leaves, which can make the plants plump, the leaves stretch, and have charming luster. The flower stems (bracts) are tall and bright, and the color is bright, which is deeply welcomed by customers.

Urge flowers.

Pineapple needs a long period of time to blossom under natural growth conditions. In cultivation, in order to obtain better uniformity and consistency, as well as the expected sales period and price, artificial flower induction must be carried out, which is the key technology in production. The specific method is: keep the acetylene gas through the water for 30 minutes to become the acetylene saturated aqueous solution, then close the acetylene cylinder and pour the acetylene aqueous solution into the leaf cup of the plant, 100-200 ml per plant, once every three days, three times in total.

The flowering induction period should be 2 months before the target flowering period. Do not apply fertilizer one month before the flowering period, and control the times of watering to keep the plant properly dry; Fertilization can be resumed one month after flower induction, but potassium fertilizer should be the main fertilizer.

Pest control.

Under greenhouse cultivation conditions, there are generally no other pests except that there may be Spodoptera litura harm at the seedling stage. If the water quality is too poor or too much water, it may lead to heart rot. the main symptoms are that the base of the leaf cluster is black, the heart leaves are rotten and brown, easy to fall off, and the boundary with the sound leaves is obvious. At this time, the diseased plants should be removed, watered with carbendazim solution of 0.1% concentration with water and fertilizer, once a week, strengthen ventilation at ordinary times, disinfect regularly, and wash the heart leaves regularly with clean water.