Classification Of Mediation Analysis Methodology In Clinical Research – Pubrica

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In brief:
• Mediation Analysis as a method to connect the causal-effect relation in being used popularly in Medical writing for clinical research, especially since the last decade.
• The type of Mediation Analysis model is dependent on the needs of the study and each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages.

What is Mediation Analysis?
Mediation analysis (MA) is a form of statistical analysis and is very commonly used in epidemiology, psychology, sociology, and medicine by Scientific Medical Writing Companies. It attempts to predict the relation between the antecedent variable and the outcome variable by Clinical Research Services. In other words, Medical Writing in Clinical Research use MAto try and find methodology by which outcome is related to exposure. Thus, it is useful in both interventional and observational studies while scientific research paper writing or Medical Writing for Clinical Trials. Research paper writing help use mediation model as a causal model where mediator is presumed to cause the effect, while the vice versa is not true. So, wherever the presumption is not correct, ...
... MA is not useful. Statistics is used to evaluate whether the presumption of the MA is correct or not.
Scientific writing help use this information while research paper writing and it is useful to find the association with causation. This helps understand the disease aetiology better and this information is used to improve or alter existing treatment and management modality.

Classification of Mediation Analysis Methodology:
There following are the methods used in MA:
1. Traditional approaches Single measure: - In this method, separate regression models are used for the antecedent and the outcome variable in clinical medical research. E.g. Baron and Kenny’s framework is commonly used by Medical Research Companies. X is the causal variable and Y is the outcome in the absence of any mediation as per the below representation. Path C is the total effect.

Mediating variable M in the below figure is the process or intervention variable. Path C´ in this figure is the direct effect. When the path from X to Y is reduced but above zero, there is partial mediation, while when C´ becomes zero, there is complete mediation.
There are four steps in the Baron and Kenny’s model in establishing mediation.
Step 1: - To show that the antecedent variable correlates with the outcome variable.
Step 2: - To show that the antecedent variable correlates with the mediator.
Step 3: - To show that the mediator affects the outcome variable.
Step 4: - To establish that the mediator completely mediates the causal- effect relationship.

Total effect = direct effect + indirect effect OR
C = C´ + ab

2. Counterfactual approaches Single mediator: - Lewis’s 1973 counterfactual analysis is based on the understanding that, if an antecedent event is the complete causal factor for the effect, then, there would not be the effect if there is no antecedent event. Medical Writing CRO use different regression models for the antecedent and the outcome. Causal contrast is highlighted between the exposed and the non-exposed.

The road ahead
MA is based on strong assumptions that need to be discussed to avoid misinterpretations. Planning MA in advance is preferred as it helps in adjusting in the methodologies to account for appropriate sample size, key confounders, and measurement errors in mediators. There is considerable heterogeneity in the planning, conduct and reporting of MA, necessitating the need to have uniform and consensus-based guidelines on the methodology.

Conclusion
MA is a statistical technique which is being used increasingly by Research Paper Writing Services and Medical Writing in Clinical Trials. There is no single approach to MA, researchers may or may not have a prior hypothesis. Scientific research writing help may focus on direct or indirect antecedent causal evidence or association-based studies. Each model of MA has its own advantages and disadvantages and the model chosen depends on the type of study.

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