American Higher Education Facing The Current Crisis

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... universities, the two together probably constitute a far So far the history of American higher education, current situation and the most comprehensive assessment of the future.
Conflict with the superior right of equality
The eve of the American Revolution, as the predecessor of the 13 U.S. colonies only 750 college students, when universities were elite of the elite. By 1940, the rise of American research universities, is in the process catch up with leading universities in Europe, even so, the 25 Americans over the age of only 4% of the completion of university studies. By 2002, this proportion is over 25%, of which 25 to 35-year-old population, 39% received university education. The curve of history is clear: universities are from the elite to the general public.
When the elite body mass, the University can ensure excellent quality of it? The comprehensive assessment of U.S. higher education concluded: equality and merit are not in conflict, and can complement each other. The reasons are the following:
First, universities need to train the elite of the elite would not allow the quality of those people who because of economic constraints and enter. U.S. founding father Thomas Jefferson on the sharply pointed out: the United States goal of education is to train "natural aristocracy." The so-called "natural aristocracy", as opposed to the then European "hereditary aristocracy" is concerned. Jefferson once said, those kings of Europe, its quality in the United States even when the little mayor also qualify. In the United States, all depend on ability, not the house. University of talented people, should be based purely on ability, beyond the student of economic conditions. Points:
If we compete on the college's Enrollment as the denominator, the number of university students as a molecule, you will find: the denominator in the whole history of the United States increased much faster than the molecules, the University was therefore more precise selection. Proved through various tests, American students of intelligence, with the upward trend in the popularity of the University. Harvard and Yale early, mainly in a few elite New England boarding school admission, but only the local university, rich kids can be more like Almost; today became the world's elite, taking into world competition. Ivy IQ of students now is a hundred years ago that "rich and stupid" students are unimaginable.
Second, the level of development of American society to its very high scale of higher education made the request. U.S. industries continue to upgrade to high-end, service and high-tech industry booming, there are even white-collar manufacturing trend, so that universities must make the majority of the population as "one who." However, in this issue, the United States faces serious challenges. 25 to 34 year olds college students ratio to compare, in 1991, the United States was 30%, only residence in Finland (33%) and Canada (32%) followed, but by 2002, Canada (51%), Japan (50% ), Korea (41%), New Zealand (40%), Norway (40%) exceeded the proportion of U.S. college students (39%), other European countries and the United States the gap is rapidly narrowing. The deprivation of the United States popular in higher education leadership, not the university can't keep up the quality and quantity requirements, but because of the relative backwardness of compulsory education, supply not enough for students, and one of the reasons behind compulsory education, then education will not equal.
Third, an excellent university, both inside and outside the classroom must be maintained in its diversity. Elite universities to train future community leaders, of course, to understand all levels of society, every corner, so multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-class integration, should be the fundamental mission of American universities. University should recruit talent in a variety of sectors, to better reflect the community.
Fourth, a participatory and democratic society to require the majority of citizens have a good education, grasp the wealth of information, and based on prudent decision-making. If the educational resources occupied only by a few people, democracy will happen "in crisis", thereby threatening democracy itself.
Why Merit American University
In establishing these four objectives, the performance of American higher education like? In this regard, superior, to the American University of sub-hit is A or A +. No country in the quality of universities can be compared with the U.S. universities. In this regard, the book raised a lot of data argument, the facts are clear.
So what led to the outstanding U.S. higher education? The authors give three main reasons: first, well-capitalized. American higher education spending equal to 2.7% of GDP. In contrast, the major developed countries formed by the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries for higher education spending, on average accounting for 1.3% of GDP. American students who cost of each for the 22,234 U.S. dollars, compared with OECD average of 10,052 U.S. dollars of spending more than twice as high.
Second, the provision of adequate reasons is that the advantages of the U.S. system. Higher Education in the United States than in European countries are more diversified. In Europe, major universities are in fact national, funded by taxpayer money directly. But in the United States, the national elite universities, ivy and other usual basic to private. This system has enabled the influx of private funding of higher education. America's private universities in the tuition standards from government restrictions, price is high, so that lots of wealthy families to pay, also show a lot of money to provide scholarships for needy students. This open and flexible system of higher education in the United States can fully absorb the social funds.
Third, in addition to financial and system, the biggest reason the United States higher education success, but also in sufficient source of students - the eve of World War II the United States of compulsory education has been greatly over Europe. This is the United States after the war as the world leaders in higher education has laid a solid foundation.
All in all, excellent financial strength will enable the U.S. first-class higher education infrastructure construction to attract top professors, to maintain a huge scale. Students is the core of higher education to ensure adequate source of students, depends on universal education and equality, more and more people have access to education.